LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - src/backend/access/hash - hashsort.c (source / functions) Coverage Total Hit
Test: Code coverage Lines: 100.0 % 39 39
Test Date: 2026-01-26 10:56:24 Functions: 100.0 % 4 4
Legend: Lines:     hit not hit
Branches: + taken - not taken # not executed
Branches: 66.7 % 6 4

             Branch data     Line data    Source code
       1                 :             : /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       2                 :             :  *
       3                 :             :  * hashsort.c
       4                 :             :  *              Sort tuples for insertion into a new hash index.
       5                 :             :  *
       6                 :             :  * When building a very large hash index, we pre-sort the tuples by bucket
       7                 :             :  * number to improve locality of access to the index, and thereby avoid
       8                 :             :  * thrashing.  We use tuplesort.c to sort the given index tuples into order.
       9                 :             :  *
      10                 :             :  * Note: if the number of rows in the table has been underestimated,
      11                 :             :  * bucket splits may occur during the index build.  In that case we'd
      12                 :             :  * be inserting into two or more buckets for each possible masked-off
      13                 :             :  * hash code value.  That's no big problem though, since we'll still have
      14                 :             :  * plenty of locality of access.
      15                 :             :  *
      16                 :             :  *
      17                 :             :  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2026, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
      18                 :             :  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
      19                 :             :  *
      20                 :             :  * IDENTIFICATION
      21                 :             :  *        src/backend/access/hash/hashsort.c
      22                 :             :  *
      23                 :             :  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
      24                 :             :  */
      25                 :             : 
      26                 :             : #include "postgres.h"
      27                 :             : 
      28                 :             : #include "access/hash.h"
      29                 :             : #include "commands/progress.h"
      30                 :             : #include "miscadmin.h"
      31                 :             : #include "pgstat.h"
      32                 :             : #include "port/pg_bitutils.h"
      33                 :             : #include "utils/tuplesort.h"
      34                 :             : 
      35                 :             : 
      36                 :             : /*
      37                 :             :  * Status record for spooling/sorting phase.
      38                 :             :  */
      39                 :             : struct HSpool
      40                 :             : {
      41                 :             :         Tuplesortstate *sortstate;      /* state data for tuplesort.c */
      42                 :             :         Relation        index;
      43                 :             : 
      44                 :             :         /*
      45                 :             :          * We sort the hash keys based on the buckets they belong to, then by the
      46                 :             :          * hash values themselves, to optimize insertions onto hash pages.  The
      47                 :             :          * masks below are used in _hash_hashkey2bucket to determine the bucket of
      48                 :             :          * a given hash key.
      49                 :             :          */
      50                 :             :         uint32          high_mask;
      51                 :             :         uint32          low_mask;
      52                 :             :         uint32          max_buckets;
      53                 :             : };
      54                 :             : 
      55                 :             : 
      56                 :             : /*
      57                 :             :  * create and initialize a spool structure
      58                 :             :  */
      59                 :             : HSpool *
      60                 :           1 : _h_spoolinit(Relation heap, Relation index, uint32 num_buckets)
      61                 :             : {
      62                 :           1 :         HSpool     *hspool = palloc0_object(HSpool);
      63                 :             : 
      64                 :           1 :         hspool->index = index;
      65                 :             : 
      66                 :             :         /*
      67                 :             :          * Determine the bitmask for hash code values.  Since there are currently
      68                 :             :          * num_buckets buckets in the index, the appropriate mask can be computed
      69                 :             :          * as follows.
      70                 :             :          *
      71                 :             :          * NOTE : This hash mask calculation should be in sync with similar
      72                 :             :          * calculation in _hash_init_metabuffer.
      73                 :             :          */
      74                 :           1 :         hspool->high_mask = pg_nextpower2_32(num_buckets + 1) - 1;
      75                 :           1 :         hspool->low_mask = (hspool->high_mask >> 1);
      76                 :           1 :         hspool->max_buckets = num_buckets - 1;
      77                 :             : 
      78                 :             :         /*
      79                 :             :          * We size the sort area as maintenance_work_mem rather than work_mem to
      80                 :             :          * speed index creation.  This should be OK since a single backend can't
      81                 :             :          * run multiple index creations in parallel.
      82                 :             :          */
      83                 :           2 :         hspool->sortstate = tuplesort_begin_index_hash(heap,
      84                 :           1 :                                                                                                    index,
      85                 :           1 :                                                                                                    hspool->high_mask,
      86                 :           1 :                                                                                                    hspool->low_mask,
      87                 :           1 :                                                                                                    hspool->max_buckets,
      88                 :           1 :                                                                                                    maintenance_work_mem,
      89                 :             :                                                                                                    NULL,
      90                 :             :                                                                                                    TUPLESORT_NONE);
      91                 :             : 
      92                 :           2 :         return hspool;
      93                 :           1 : }
      94                 :             : 
      95                 :             : /*
      96                 :             :  * clean up a spool structure and its substructures.
      97                 :             :  */
      98                 :             : void
      99                 :           1 : _h_spooldestroy(HSpool *hspool)
     100                 :             : {
     101                 :           1 :         tuplesort_end(hspool->sortstate);
     102                 :           1 :         pfree(hspool);
     103                 :           1 : }
     104                 :             : 
     105                 :             : /*
     106                 :             :  * spool an index entry into the sort file.
     107                 :             :  */
     108                 :             : void
     109                 :       10000 : _h_spool(HSpool *hspool, const ItemPointerData *self, const Datum *values, const bool *isnull)
     110                 :             : {
     111                 :       20000 :         tuplesort_putindextuplevalues(hspool->sortstate, hspool->index,
     112                 :       10000 :                                                                   self, values, isnull);
     113                 :       10000 : }
     114                 :             : 
     115                 :             : /*
     116                 :             :  * given a spool loaded by successive calls to _h_spool,
     117                 :             :  * create an entire index.
     118                 :             :  */
     119                 :             : void
     120                 :           1 : _h_indexbuild(HSpool *hspool, Relation heapRel)
     121                 :             : {
     122                 :           1 :         IndexTuple      itup;
     123                 :           1 :         int64           tups_done = 0;
     124                 :             : #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
     125                 :           1 :         uint32          hashkey = 0;
     126                 :             : #endif
     127                 :             : 
     128                 :           1 :         tuplesort_performsort(hspool->sortstate);
     129                 :             : 
     130         [ +  + ]:       10001 :         while ((itup = tuplesort_getindextuple(hspool->sortstate, true)) != NULL)
     131                 :             :         {
     132                 :             :                 /*
     133                 :             :                  * Technically, it isn't critical that hash keys be found in sorted
     134                 :             :                  * order, since this sorting is only used to increase locality of
     135                 :             :                  * access as a performance optimization.  It still seems like a good
     136                 :             :                  * idea to test tuplesort.c's handling of hash index tuple sorts
     137                 :             :                  * through an assertion, though.
     138                 :             :                  */
     139                 :             : #ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
     140                 :       10000 :                 uint32          lasthashkey = hashkey;
     141                 :             : 
     142                 :       20000 :                 hashkey = _hash_hashkey2bucket(_hash_get_indextuple_hashkey(itup),
     143                 :       10000 :                                                                            hspool->max_buckets, hspool->high_mask,
     144                 :       10000 :                                                                            hspool->low_mask);
     145         [ +  - ]:       10000 :                 Assert(hashkey >= lasthashkey);
     146                 :             : #endif
     147                 :             : 
     148                 :             :                 /* the tuples are sorted by hashkey, so pass 'sorted' as true */
     149                 :       10000 :                 _hash_doinsert(hspool->index, itup, heapRel, true);
     150                 :             : 
     151                 :             :                 /* allow insertion phase to be interrupted, and track progress */
     152         [ +  - ]:       10000 :                 CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
     153                 :             : 
     154                 :       10000 :                 pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_DONE,
     155                 :       10000 :                                                                          ++tups_done);
     156                 :       10000 :         }
     157                 :           1 : }
        

Generated by: LCOV version 2.3.2-1